Three thoughts on tariffs

  • The announced headline tariff rates are all over the place
  • But tariffs in general are more punitive than consensus expected, even after the inclusion of VAT
  • The immediate market response is being clouded by liquidity factors

T-Day landings and liquidity

  • Despite all the attention to tariffs, short-term market moves remain surprisingly well correlated with CB liquidity
  • Liquidity dynamics have the potential to amplify any T-Day relief rally
  • But we would still fade any such move thereafter

Deficits, debt, and dollar devaluation

  • It is remarkable that proposals for a Mar-a-Lago accord have not yet sparked an even greater flight out of US dollars, debt, and risk
  • That they have not yet done so is thanks to a mix of incredulity, inertia, and temporary liquidity factors
  • Current account deficits, though a source of vulnerability, are in many respects a measure of attractiveness to foreign capital
  • What’s damaging is when – as in the US – they are allowed to turn into ever-escalating debt
  • What the Mar-a-Lago proposals’ discussion of sticks and carrots lacks is a proper notion of trust – and of the scale and suddennness of the consequences once it has been lost

Seriously and literally

  • Markets’ response to the evident risks has thus far consisted primarily of risk rotation
  • This seems increasingly likely to evolve into full-fledged risk reduction
  • That it has not done so to date is thanks not only to dwindling hopes that Trump is bluffing, but also (yet again) to support from central bank liquidity

QT and the debt ceiling

Fed reserves changes vs credit spreads, rolling 6m
  • Fed Minutes suggest pausing QT “until” resolution of the debt ceiling
  • This would amplify market volatility, not reduce it
  • Either the Minutes are poorly drafted, or else reflect deeper misunderstandings of how balance sheet policy affects markets

When shocking behaviour meets shock-proof markets

  • US economic exceptionalism remains alive and well
  • But in markets, many Trump trades have been faltering
  • Markets’ overall behaviour remains Panglossian thanks to a combination of falling real yields, a temporary boost from CB liquidity, and animal spirits
  • But we see reasons to doubt the longevity of all three
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